THE IMAGE OF THE NORTH IN THE ART OF THE SOVIET POSTER 1920-1960

Nastas&#039;ya Zborovickaya

doi:10.31804/2782-4926-2024-3-3-7-21

UDC

769.91

THE IMAGE OF THE NORTH IN THE ART OF THE SOVIET POSTER 1920-1960

Published in Siberian Art History Journal · Pages 7–21 · Rubric: Current research of Russian art

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31804/2782-4926-2024-3-3-7-21

Received: 21.10.2024 Accepted: 26.10.2024 Published: 26.10.2024

Authors

Nastas'ya Zborovickaya

ITMO University Junior researcher · Institute of International Development and Partnership · Russian Federation · St. Petersburg

ABSTRACT

The article examines the most important stages in the development of the poster as an art form and as a means of expression, the main means of the poster language and continues the discussion about the representation of the indigenous peoples of the North in Soviet art. The first part of the article provides an overview of the development of the poster in Russia in the XIX-XX centuries. The second part of the article describes the history of the development of the image of the North in the Soviet poster of 1920-1960 and the representation of the indigenous peoples of the North. Soviet posters on the theme of the development of the North in the 1920s and 1960s represent the most important historical events, the development of the Soviet North, and the practices of the USSR on the integration of indigenous people into the life of the country. The main subjects of the posters: geographical discoveries of Soviet scientists (the discovery of the Northern Sea Route, honoring the crew of the steamer Chelyuskin, the rescue of participants in the first scientific research drifting station North Pole-1, honoring members of the expedition of the icebreaker Sedov), the October Revolution in the North, propaganda of Lenin's national policy, teaching indigenous people the rules of life adopted in the USSR (sanitary education, the elimination of illiteracy, political activity ), assistance to the front during the Eastern Front of World War II, the wealth of resources of the North, motherhood. The posters were printed in Russian and in the native languages of the inhabitants of the north (the article presents posters in Chukchi, Nenets, Yakut). The North is represented in Soviet posters as a very dynamic and complex region, a powerful natural force that was very difficult to master, as well as establish communication with local nomadic peoples. In the future, it will be interesting to consider the collected material in comparison with other countries, such as the United States, where there is representation of indigenous peoples in poster works.

KEYWORDS

graphic design, poster art, soviet poster, semiotics, communication, representation of indigenous people of North

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Doctor of Cultural Studies, Docent

Julia Zamaraeva

rybka08@bk.ru

Candidate of Philosophical Sciences

Anastasia Kistova

Candidate of Cultural Studies, Docent

Maria Kolesnik

masha_kolesnik@mail.ru

Doctor of Philosophy, Professor

Natal'ya P. Kopceva